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The Liturgy of Addai and Mari is a Divine Liturgy belonging to the East Syrian Rite, which is in regular use, even if in different versions, in the Assyrian Church of the East and Ancient Church of the East, the Syro-Malabar Catholic Church and the Chaldean Catholic Church. The anaphora or ''Eucharistic Prayer'' that is part of this liturgy is of particular interest, being one of the oldest in Christianity, possibly dating back to 3rd-century Edessa,〔''Addai and Mari, Liturgy of''. Cross, F. L., ed. The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. Oxford University Press. 2005〕 even if the outline of the current form can be traced as far back only as the time of the Patriarch Mar Isho-Yab III in the 7th century. This liturgy is traditionally attributed to Saint Addai (disciple of Saint Thomas the Apostle) and Saint Mari (a disciple of Saint Addai). In the form given in the oldest manuscripts, all of the High Middle Ages, this anaphora does not include the Words of Institution, a matter that raised ecumenical concerns. ==Use== The Liturgy of Addai and Mari has been in continuous use in the Church of the East since at least the 7th century〔 Hymns by Saint Ephrem and others are often sung during the communion. A piece of dough from the eucharistic bread is saved from week to week, not as reserve sacrament but as leaven for the next week's bread. Authors from Theodore of Mopsuestia (c. 400) to Mar Eshai Shimun XXIII in the mid-20th century and Mar Aprem Mooken of India in the early 21st century have identified the Epiclesis, beginning with the words ''Neethi Mar Rukhakha Qaddisha...'' (''May the Holy Spirit come...'') as the high point of the Holy Qurbana. In the Syro-Malabar Catholic Church this liturgy has three forms: a simplified form, a standard form for Sundays use, and a highly solemn form, known as the "Raza", used only on solemnities. A reform of the ''Raza'' in order to return to the unadulterated and original form was issued in 1985,〔Congregation for the Oriental Churches, Decree dated 19 December 1985〕 followed in 1989 by a reform of the other two forms carried out with the same principles.〔Congregation for the Oriental Churches, Decree dated 3 April 1989〕 A slight reform of the liturgy of Addai and Mari celebrated by the Chaldean Catholic Church came into effect on 6 January 2007, making uniform the many different uses of each parish and removing additions introduced over the centuries in imitation of the Roman rite. The main changes were: a return to the ancient arrangement of the interior of churches, restoration of the preparation of the bread and wine before the beginning of the service and removal of ''Filioque'' from the Creed.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=TQ & A on the Reformed Chaldean Mass )〕 The prayers of the liturgy of Addai and Mari are of three types, according as they are recited by the celebrating priest or bishop: * ''cushapa'': personal prayers of the celebrant * ''gehanta'' or "''inclinations''": prayers said in low voice by the celebrant * ''qanona'': conclusions of the ''gehanta'' conducted aloud 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Liturgy of Addai and Mari」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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